Text Fwd; SPACE SECURITY(Power point CD)

* Text fwd from J. Narayana Rao(jnrao36@rediffmail.com) on Dec. 4, 2009

For Power point CD
SPACE SECURITY
By .J.NARAYANA RAO,GENERAL SECRETARY
ALL INDIA PEACE & SOLIDARITY ORGANISATION,
MAHARASHTRA STATE COMMITTEE, NAGPUR.

( For making a power point CD)

1.HOW WE USE SPACE NOW.

For Communications, Entertainment, weather observations, Navigation, surveillance etc.

2.THREAT TO SPACE SECURITY.

1.Weaponisation of Space.
2.Space Junk and Space Debris.

3.WHAT IS WEAPONISTION OF SPACE.

1.On 23 March 1983 President Ronald Regan of US announced Strategic Defence Initiative
Which became well known as Star Wars Programme.
2.Subsequently H.W.Bush changed it as National Missile Defence Perogramme.
3.There after George W.Bush made it as Ballistic Missile Defence.

4. TYPES OF SPACE WEAPONS

1.Laser Beams.
2.Anti Satellite Weapons.
3.Spacebased ballistic missiles which will be used to destroy ballistic missiles either in
Boost phase or in the mid course trajectory.
4.Orbiting satellites capable of ih-ntercepting or disabling other satellites.
5 Satellites that carry weapons capable of hitting targets.

5. IMPACT OF DEPLOYING OF SPACE WEAPONS.

1.Arms race in Space.
2.Violation of UN Treaties.
3.More and more Countries will join the space war programs.

6.THREAT TO SPACE SECURITY.

1.The greatest threat to Space Security comes from the US planning for space weaponization and space domination. The Vision for 2020 of the US Space Command document outlines the US Policy for
Space domination.
2.Dominating the space dimension of military operations to protect US interests and investments.
3.Integrating space forces into war fighting capabilities across the full spectrum of conflict.
4.The medium of space is the fourth medium of warfare along with land, sea and air.
5.The emerging synergy of space superiority with land, sea and air superiority will lead to full spectrum
Domination.
6.Space power is a vital element in moving towards the joint vision goal of being persuasive in peace, decisive in war, and pre-eminent in any form of conflict.
7.Development of ballistic missile defenses using space systems and planning for precision strike from space offers
a counter to the worldwide proliferation of WMD.

7. SPACE JUNK AND SPACE DEBRIS.

1 2300 Dead Satellites.
2.Debris created because of Collisions and & Explosions.
3.On Feb 2009 two Satellites-Iridium 33 and a defunct Cosmos 2251 collided at a height of 470 Miles
orbiting with a speed of 22000 mph.
4.Pegasus Rocket launched in 1994 exploded which created a cloud of some 300,000 fragments
Bigger than 4 mm.
5.Olympus was hit by a meteor on 11 August 1993.
6.On 24 July 1996 “Cerise” a French Satellite was hit by fragments of Arian-1410 which exploded in 1986.
7.on 29 March 2006 the Russian Express AM II Communication Satellite was struck by an unknown object.
8.In 2007 a Chinese defunct satellite was blasted by a Missile (ASAT) at an altitude of 850 Km. It created more
Than 2300 golf ball size pieces, over 35000 pieces of 1 Cm size or larger and 1 million pieces of 1mm or l larger size.
9.On 19 Feb 2007 a Russian Briz M Booster stage rocket exploded in orbit over Australia.
10.In 1985 an Anti Satellite Test conducted by US destroyed a one tone satellite orbiting at 525 Km altitude.
11.On 20 Feb 2008 US destroyed a defective spy satellite of their own by a SM-3 missile.
12.The oldest debris is the space is the US Satellite Vanguard I launched on 17 March 1958.It worked for
6 years only.
13..On March 2000 a Chinese Long March upper stage exploded in orbit.

7. LOST EQUIPMENT

1.A glove was lost by Edward White during the First US Space walk in 1965.It was in
Orbit for six months orbiting at a speed of 28000 kmph .
2.Astronaut of Gemini 10 Michael Collins lost a Camera near the Space Craft .
3.Near about 200 bags of garbage bags were thrown out by the Soviet Cosmonauts from the MIR Space Station.
4.Sunita Williams also lost a Camera during her space walk.

8.HOW MANY SPAcE DEBRIS IN SPACE.

1. Spent Rocket Parts, Defunct and unused satellites, exploded fragments, paint flakes, slags from solid rocket motors, small needles, nuts and bolts etc come under space debris.
2. In a mid 2009 appraisal the NASA estimated that the number of large pieces of debris over 10 cms are 19,000,
Between 1 and 10 cms at 500,000 and smaller than 1 cm exceed tens of millions. Another study made in 1999 reveal that there are some 4 million pounds of space junk in the Low Earth Orbit(LEO).During the last one decade the estimated objects of over 10 cms in the LEO have more than doubled from 8500 in 1990 to 19,000 in 2009.
3. Space debris revolve around the globe at speeds of up to 25,000 mph with altitudes ranging from hundreds to thousands of miles.

9. SATELLITE PROTECTIVE MEASURES.

1.Damage to Space Crafts from the space debris is prevented by adding a thin layer of metal foil outside of the main space craft body.
2.When the debriscollide with foil with high velocity the debris will be vaporized and the plasma spreads out quickly. By this process damage to the inner wall of the space craft is protected.
3.Space crafts powered by Solar Panels are liable to be affected badly because the front portion of the Panel are positioned directly towards the Sun. As a result they get punctured by the debris.

10. UNITED NATIONS SPACE TREATY.

1.UN Treaty on the Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space Including the Moon and Other Cellestial Bodies of 1967.
2.Exploration and use of Outer Space should be carried on for the benefit of all peoples irrespective of the difference of economic or scientific development in accordance with the International Law.
3.Exploration and use of Outer Space should be only for peaceful purposes.
4The establishment of military bases installations and fortifications, the testing of any type of weapons and conduct of military maneuvers on celestial bodies shall be forbidden.

11. KEEP FOR PEACEFUL PURPOSES.

1.Stop US to dominate and militarize space.
2.Strengthen the movement launched by GLOBAL NETWORK AGAINST WEAPONS AND NUCLEAR POWER IN SPACE.
3.Be careful that one day you may be caught in the Traffic Jam in Space when you venture for a rendezvous.

KEEP SPACE FOR PEACE ONLY.